Baker&#39;s oven



E. M. cRosLAND 11,961,034

BAKERS OVEN Filed Nov. 2l, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet l /A/l/WTOR amd 31, mml,

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Patented May 29, 1934 BAKERS OVEN Edward Milner Crosland, Earlestown, Newton-1e- Willows, England, assignor to T. and T. Vicars Limited, Earlestown, Newton-le-Willows, England Application November 2 1, 1932, Serial No. 643,768

In Great Britain January 8, 1932 8 Claims.

, 'I'he present invention relates to improvements in ovens for the baking of biscuits and the like articles.

The invention is particularly applicable to ,multiple tier ovens in which the articles to be baked are conveyed on pans, trays or bands from one tier to another, the heating means being disposed between the individual tiers.

According to the present invention a single row of heater compartments, each containing a gas, oil or other source of heat, is provided between each flight or tier, such heater compartments alternately along the length of a tier, having a roof and floor respectively of heat insulating and radiating material such as tiles, and a floor and roof respectively of material such as sheet iron.

The invention is more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through one form of oven.

Figure 2 is a corresponding outside elevation, diagrammatically illustrating the gas pipe lines and their control.

The invention is described with reference toa ve-tier oven by way of example, but is equally applicable to any multi-night or tier oven.

Goods such as biscuits l supported by pans 2 are conveyed by an endless chain 3 in tiers or flights i3d, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, the pans being maintained in a level position as the chains 3 pass around sprockets 4 by any Well-known means.

The oven is divided into a plurality of sections A, B, C, D .the intermediate flights 3b, 3c, 3d 'Ibeing adapted to give alternate bottom and top heat to the goods, whilst the goods when traversing the top and bottom flights 3a, 3e are given top and bottom heat respectively throughout all the sections.

This is accomplished by providing heater compartments between each flight, the top heater compartment having a roof of refractory material and a base of sheet metal or the like heat emitting material, each of the intermediate flights having 'i alternately in sections, a roof of refractory material with a base of heat emitting material and vice versa, and the lowest tier having a roof of heat emitting material and a base of refractory material.

, radiating material formed by the base of the :heating compartment 40, Whilst the base 6 of the In the next section B with the exception of the lowermost heating compartment, the burners 9 are arranged in heater compartments between a false floor 10 of sheet metal and a roof 11 of refractory or the like heat insulating and radiating material.

Section C is similar to section A whilst section D is similar to section B. It will therefore be seen that the second, third and fourth flights of goods 3b, 3c, 3d receive alternately top and bot- 70 tom heat as they pass from section to section, and that each section of the oven alternately along its length has heater compartments consisting of a roof 0f heat insulating material, and a material such as sheet iron, and a floor of sheet iron and vheat insulating material respectively.

In the case of an oven as shown, all three or more flights (five iiights in the instance illustrated) Vit Will be preferable to provide a separate control for the burners giving top heat in the Va- 30 i,

rious flights of alternate sections and a separate control-for the burners giving bottom heat in the various ights of intermediate sections; that is to say, the control 12 is provided with controlling burners 13, 14, l5 giving bottom heat to flights 3b, 85 l 3c and 3d in section C of the oven, whilst a control 16 is provided for the burners 17, 18 and 19 giving top heat to the goods passing through the second, third, and fourth flights 3b, 3c, 3d in section B of the oven. The control 12 may also 90p,

simultaneously control burners 49, 20 and 21 for bottom heat in the flights 3b, 3c, 3d of section A, whilst the control 16 also controls burners 22, 23, 24, giving t-op heat to iights 3b, 3c, 3d of the section D of the oven. It will be preferred however,

to provide a separate control 25 for burners 26, 27 and 28 giving bottom heat to the top flight 3a in sections A, C and E and a separate control 29 for burners 30, 3l, 32, 33, 34, for giving top heat to goods in all sections in the top flight 3a alone. 100

Again a separate control 35 is provided for controlling the burners 36 giving bottom heat to all the sections on the lowest flight 3e, and a separate control 37 for burners 38, 39 in the sections B, D of the bottom flight.

It Will be seen that in the example given, along the top tier, the goods are exposed on their upper surface to heater compartments having a metal iioor and are exposed on their lower surface to heater compartments having alternate metal and 110 tile floors, whilst in the bottom tier the positi-on is reversed all the compartments below the biscuits having a metal roof and above the biscuits they have alternate tile and sheet metal oors.

Control of the baking in the preliminary and final stages and also control in the intermediate stages is therefore, separately possible in a very compact oven of reduced height, which reduction in height is further due to the fact that only a single set of gas burner chambers is arranged between each ight.

It will be appreciated that the sheet metal used as the floors and roofs of the heater compartments of alternate sections may either be solid or perforated.

Again, the various heater compartments supplying top heat may be interconnected by any suitable form of conduits whereby one or more may be provided with oil or other burners and the others heated solely by the products of combustion therefrom. Likewise the heater compartments supplying bottom vheat to the goods may similarly be interconnected.

I declare that what I claim iszl. A baking oven comprising in combination a plurality of sections, alternately one section being provided with a roofing of heat insulating material and a fiooring of heat emitting material, and the next section with a roofing of heat emit- `-ting material, and a flooring of heat insulating material.

2. A baking oven comprising a plurality of sec tions alternately one section being provided with a false roof of heat insulating material and a lfalse floor of heat emitting material, whilst the f tions alternately one section being provided with a false roof of heat insulating material and a false floor of perforated metal, whilst the next section is provided with a false roof of perforated metal and a false floor of heat insulating material.

4. A baking oven comprising a plurality of sections alternately one section being provided with a false roof of tiles and a false floor of perforated metal, whilst the next section is provided with a false roof of perforated metal and a false floor of tiles.

5. A multi-flight baking oven in which the middle flights are divided into a number of sections, alternately one section being provided with a roofing of heat insulating material and a ilooring of heat emitting material, and the next section with a roofing of heat emitting material, and a flooring of heat insulating material, a lower flight comprising sections each having a floor of heat emitting material and an upper flight comprised of sections each having a roof of heat emitting material.

6. A multi-flight oven consisting of a number of intermediate flights composed of sections, alternately one section being provided with a roofing of heat insulating material and a flooring of heat emitting material, and the next section with a roofing of heat emitting material, and a flooring of heat insulating material, a lower flight composed of sections each having a floor of heat insulating material, and alternately roofs of heat insulating and heat emitting material, and an upper flight composed of sections each having a oor of heat insulating material and alternately a roof of heat emitting material.

'7. A baking oven comprising a plurality of sections, a heat insulating roof of one section being contiguous to a heat emitting compartment, whilst the heat emitting compartment ioor of one section is contiguous to a heat insulating floor, any heat insulating roof lying opposite to a heat emitting compartment floor.

8. A multi-tier baking oven divided into a plurality of sections, means to apply bottom heat to certain sections, means to apply top heat to certain of said sections, common control means for the heat emitting elements giving bottom heat, common control means for the heat emitting elements giving top heat, means to give bottom heat throughout the bottom flight, means to give top heat throughout the top flight, and common control means for the heat emitting elements of the bottom flight and a separate control means for the heat emitting elements of the top flight.

EDWARD MILNER CROSLAND. 

